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1. When will countries trade? Assuming 2 goods, food and clothing, and that both countries’ preferences are homothetic (but not necessarily identical), determine whether two countries will trade in each of the following situations: (a) Countries have identical preferences and identical endowments. (b) Countries have identical preferences, their endowments differ, and their endowments are not in the same ratio of food to clothing. (c) Countries have identical preferences, their endowments differ, but the ratio of food to clothing is the same in both countries. (d) Countries have identical endowments but different preferences. (e) Countries have both different preferences and different endowments.

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Answer:

(a) Countries have identical preferences and identical endowments.

Explanation:

Analyzing the statement, there is information that the preferences of countries are homothetic (but not necessarily identical) with respect to the 2 goods, food and clothing.

That is why it is correct to state that countries will not trade with each other, as countries have identical preferences and identical allocations, which means that the demands for these goods will be related to the prices of the goods and not in relation to income or preferences.

Therefore, there is no need to commercialize these two goods between these countries, except in situations of scarcity.

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