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Litmus paper is made from water-soluble dyes which are extracted from lichens. This paper is used as an acid-base indicator. Which of these common household substances would turn blue litmus paper red? A) ammonia B) vinegar C) baking soda D) distilled water

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livbledsoe
The answer is B- Vinegar.

Answer: B) vinegar

Explanation: Acids are those substances which when dissolved in water give [tex]H^+[/tex] ions. They turn blue litmus red.

Bases are those substances which when dissolved in water give [tex]OH^-[/tex] ions. They turn red litmus blue.

Ammonia is a base which when dissolved in water forms ammonium hydroxide and gives [tex]OH^-[/tex] ions and turns red litmus blue.

[tex]NH_4OH\rightarrow NH_4^++OH^-[/tex]

Vinegar is acetic acid and thus gives [tex]H^+[/tex] ions and turn blue litmus red.

[tex]CH_3COOH\rightarrow CH_3COO^-+H^+[/tex]

Baking soda is a basic salt [tex]NaHCO_3[/tex] which turns red litmus blue.

Distilled water [tex]H_2O[/tex] is neutral which shows no color change with red or blue litmus.

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